多肽近些年在醫(yī)藥化工，食品化工，護(hù)膚品，生物科技等行業(yè)大放異彩。受到各行各業(yè)的廣泛關(guān)注和重視!那么什么是多肽呢?
Polypeptide in recent years in the pharmaceutical chemical, food chemical, skin care, biotechnology and other industries shine. Be widely concerned and valued by all walks of life! So what are peptides?
多肽是α-氨基酸以肽鍵連接在一起而形成的化合物，是蛋白質(zhì)水解的中間產(chǎn)物。由兩個(gè)氨基酸分子脫水縮合而成的化合物叫做二肽，同理類推還有三肽、四肽、五肽等。通常由10~100個(gè)氨基酸分子脫水縮合而成的化合物叫多肽。蛋白質(zhì)有時(shí)也被稱為多肽。多肽也簡稱為肽，是20世紀(jì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。多肽有生物活性多肽和人工合成多肽兩種。
A polypeptide is a compound of -amino acids joined together by peptide bonds and is an intermediate product of proteolysis. Compounds formed by the dehydration and condensation of two amino acid molecules are called dipeptides, and similarly there are tripeptides, tetrapeptides, pentapeptides, and so on. A compound usually formed by the dehydration and condensation of 10 to 100 amino acids is called a polypeptide. Proteins are sometimes called polypeptides. Peptides, also known as peptides for short, were discovered in the 20th century. There are two kinds of peptides: bioactive peptides and synthetic peptides.
人體很多活性物質(zhì)都是以肽的形式存在的。肽涉及人體的激素、神經(jīng)、細(xì)胞生長和生殖各領(lǐng)域，其重要性在于調(diào)節(jié)體內(nèi)各個(gè)系統(tǒng)和細(xì)胞的生理功能，激活體內(nèi)有關(guān)酶系，促進(jìn)中間代謝膜的通透性，或通過控制DNA轉(zhuǎn)錄或影響特異的蛋白合成，最終產(chǎn)生特定的生理效應(yīng)。蛋白質(zhì)多肽在生命科學(xué)的發(fā)展中占據(jù)居住輕重的地位。近些年被廣泛重視和饑餓應(yīng)用。
Many of the body's active substances are in the form of peptides. Peptides are involved in various fields of human hormones, nerves, cell growth and reproduction, and their importance lies in regulating the physiological functions of various systems and cells in the body, activating relevant enzymes in the body, promoting the permeability of intermediate metabolic membrane, or finally producing specific physiological effects by controlling DNA transcription or affecting specific protein synthesis. Protein polypeptide occupies the important position in the development of life science. In recent years, it has been widely regarded and applied to hunger.
那么對(duì)于多肽行業(yè)來說他的發(fā)展歷程是怎么樣的呢?今天就帶大家一起了解一下多肽發(fā)展的編年史。
So what is the history of the polypeptide industry? Today I'm going to take you through the annals of the development of peptides
1902年，倫敦大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的兩位生理學(xué)家Bayliss和Starling在人體內(nèi)首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了多肽物質(zhì)(胰泌素)，由于其影響極為深遠(yuǎn)，諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)授予他們諾貝爾生理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，至此，多肽物質(zhì)正式出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)研究之中，并為之后的長久發(fā)展打下了基礎(chǔ)。
In 1902, London university school of medicine in two physiologist Bayliss and Starling in the human body for the first time showed that peptides (pancreatic gastrin-releasing), because of its influence is extremely profound, the Nobel committee awarded Nobel Prize in physiology, at this point, peptides appeared officially in scientific research, and laid the foundation for after long development.
1931年，一種名為P物質(zhì)的神經(jīng)肽被科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，它能夠興奮平滑肌并能舒張血管而降低血壓。
In 1931, scientists discovered a neuropeptide called Substance P that excites smooth muscles and relaxes blood vessels, lowering blood pressure.
1952年，生物化學(xué)家Stanley Cohen發(fā)現(xiàn)小鼠交感神經(jīng)纖維生長加快、神經(jīng)節(jié)明顯增大這一現(xiàn)象，是一種叫“神經(jīng)生長因子”(NGF)的多肽在起作用。
In 1952, biochemist Stanley Cohen discovered that a polypeptide called nerve growth factor (NGF) was responsible for the accelerated growth of sympathetic nerve fibers and the apparent enlargement of the ganglion in mice.
1953年，由Vigneand領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的生化小組第一次完成了生物活性肽催化素合成。
In 1953, a biochemical group led by Vigneand completed the first bioactive peptide-catalyzed peptide synthesis.
1958年，美國加利福尼亞大學(xué)教授美籍猶太人生物化學(xué)家赫伯特·博意爾博士Herber Boyer潛心研究38年的活性多肽(HGH)利用細(xì)胞重組技術(shù)成功問世，它控制著蛋白質(zhì)的合成數(shù)量、質(zhì)量和速度;控制著人的疾病和衰老。因?yàn)榘l(fā)現(xiàn)了活性肽以及活性肽的作用，并于當(dāng)年獲得諾貝爾生物學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。
In 1958, Dr. Herber Boyer, an American Jewish biochemist and professor at the University of California, Used cell recombination technology to successfully develop the active polypeptide (HGH) for 38 years, which controlled the quantity, quality and speed of protein synthesis. It controls disease and aging. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in biology that year for his discovery of the active peptide and its effects.
1965年，我國科學(xué)家完成了結(jié)晶牛胰島素的合成，這是世界上第一次人工合成多肽類生物活性物質(zhì)，此胰島素就是51肽，為肽行業(yè)在我國的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
In 1965, Chinese scientists completed the synthesis of crystalline bovine insulin, which was the world's first artificial synthesis of peptide bioactive substances, the insulin is 51 peptide, laid the foundation for the development of the peptide industry in China.
20世界70年代，神經(jīng)肽的研究進(jìn)入高峰，腦啡肽及阿片樣肽相繼被發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類開始了對(duì)多肽影響生物胚胎發(fā)育的研究。
In the 1970s, neuropeptide research reached its peak, enkephalin and opioid peptide were discovered successively, and human beings began to study the effect of peptides on the development of biological embryos.
1975年，休伊斯和科斯特利茲從人和動(dòng)物的神經(jīng)組織中分離出內(nèi)源性肽，開拓了“細(xì)胞生長調(diào)節(jié)因子”這一生物制藥的新領(lǐng)域。
In 1975, Huys and Kosterlitz isolated endogenous peptides from human and animal nerve tissues, opening a new field of biopharmatology called "cell growth regulators".
1987年，美國批準(zhǔn)了第一個(gè)基因藥物——人胰島素。
1987 The first genetic drug, human insulin, was approved in the United States.
20世紀(jì)90年代，人類基因計(jì)劃啟動(dòng)。隨著一個(gè)個(gè)基因被解密，多肽研究及其應(yīng)用出現(xiàn)空前繁榮的局面。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)所有基因表達(dá)的生命現(xiàn)象都是由蛋白質(zhì)而呈現(xiàn)，基因是合成蛋白質(zhì)的信息指令，但人體所有的生理活動(dòng)最終需要蛋白質(zhì)才能完成。于是科學(xué)家把眼光放在生物工程的另一項(xiàng)龐大計(jì)劃上，那就是蛋白質(zhì)組計(jì)劃。
In the 1990s, the Human Genome Project was launched. With the deciphering of genes, the research and application of polypeptides are flourishing. It has been found that all the life phenomena of gene expression are presented by proteins. Genes are the information instructions for synthesizing proteins, but all the physiological activities of the human body ultimately need proteins to complete. So scientists turned their attention to another big project in bioengineering: proteomics.
1990年，Rudman(羅德曼)博士正式提出解釋人類疾病、衰老原因的HGH理論，首次將HGH真正運(yùn)用于抗衰老及疾病預(yù)防領(lǐng)域。當(dāng)年4月19日，美國《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》以《生命之源神奇的HGH》為題作出了整版的報(bào)道。
In 1990, Dr. Rudman(Rodman) formally proposed the HGH theory to explain the causes of human disease and aging, and applied HGH to the field of anti-aging and disease prevention for the first time. On April 19 of that year, the New York Times published a full-page report under the title "The Magical HGH of The Origin of Life".
多肽藥物是一類市場增長極快的藥物，過去的十年，復(fù)合增長率高達(dá)10.80%，未來的10年，按6%的復(fù)合增長率保守估算，2025年的多肽市場也可達(dá)400億美元。21世紀(jì)是生物工程的時(shí)代，相對(duì)普通化藥，多肽藥物生命周期更長。杭州肽佳生物科技有限公司，致力于多肽技術(shù)開發(fā)和大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)研究，目前我們已經(jīng)開發(fā)了多種功能活性多肽產(chǎn)品和高效協(xié)同復(fù)合美容肽產(chǎn)品。杭州肽佳生物為您提供各類優(yōu)質(zhì)的多肽。如您有需求和疑問，請(qǐng)與我們直接聯(lián)系。Polypeptide drugs are a class of drugs with extremely rapid market growth. In the past decade, the compound growth rate is as high as 10.80%. In the next 10 years, the polypeptide market can reach us $40 billion by 2025 according to the conservative estimate of 6% compound growth rate. The 21st century is an era of bioengineering. Compared with common drugs, polypeptide drugs have a longer life cycle. Hangzhou Peptida-Jia Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is committed to the development of peptide technology and large-scale production research. At present, we have developed a variety of functional active polypeptide products and highly effective synergistic composite beauty peptide products. Hangzhou Peptide good biological to provide you with a variety of high quality peptides. If you have any needs or questions, please contact us directly.
